1.4: Presentation of the Health Communication session.

1 .3.1:  Mass Communication: Social  / community mobilization/ Sensitization campaign:

 It is conducted for having the public support to Intervention to be implemented for addressing the Health problem.

Procedure ( Activities ): How to conduct  Social / community mobilization /   Sensitization campaign :

1. Ensure the support of Local leaders (District authorities, religious authorities)

2. Communicate the schedule of the session (Date - Venue - Time).

3. Consider all required components related to the logistics                                 

4.  Conduct  the session

5. Assess the results of the session ( Ex.: How many people did attend ? ).

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                                      Hindrance:

                               Lack of preparation.                                  

   1.3.2: Interpersonal Communication:                                       

In   Mass Communication, the purpose is to provide information to a wide public regarding the targeted intervention.

In Interpersonal Communication, the purpose is to provide information to a limited number of participants or, if possible, individual to individual communication ( Health care provider - individual ), for convincing the participants  to have  commitment  for the success of the intervention.

    - Counselling or individual communication being a better form of Interpersonal Communication.

1.  Counselling / Individual communication:

It is an elected form of Interpersonal Communication.

It is a communication between a  health care provider and a beneficiary on the particular points  that the recipient did not intend to discuss in public. The  health care  provider helps the recipient to find out a solution to his problem.

Individual communication needs to remain "confidential".

Procedure:

                            1. Greeting words

                            2.  Put his interlocutor comfortable

3. Active listening 

4. Help to find out solution to his problem.

Hindrance:

                           At the  transmitter level ( Health care provider ):   

                           age                         

                           sex                       

                           language

                           education level

                           antipathy towards the person to advise.

                           At the  receiver level ( Beneficiary ):

                            emotion

                            fear

                            concerns

                            other concerns

                            long waiting time                    

                            tiredness

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                         At the  message level:

                             Confused / not clear

                             poorly formulated information

                             too much information ( “Too information kill information “ ).

                         At the channel level:

                            Voice (low)

                         At the feedback level:

                             The receiver pretended to understand ,  but he  did  not understand.

                    2. Health Communication session:

           It is conducted at the Health Facility level.                                           

The Health Communication  session is conducted based on a preparation sheet. It is composed of four main parts:                                                                   

1. Introduction                                                    

     2. Main part of lesson / Body of the lesson

3. General synthesis

4. Assessment.

A few points related to the Form need a particular attention:

highlight group dynamic and participation

number of participants: 20-30 people

session duration: 45 minutes ( Presentation : 20 min. + 15 min for answers to the questions from the participants  + 5 min. for General synthesis + 5 min. for Evaluation ).

compliance with  the presentation scheme  of the Health Communication session :

                   -Introduction:

-          Reminder of the previous lesson,

-          Link between the previous lesson and day lesson,

-          State the learning outcomes,

-          Audience motivation.

                   - Main part of lesson / Body of the lesson:                 

                                   Lesson based on learning outcomes.

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At the end of each sequence, to summarise ( =   partial summary/ synthesis  ). The number of sequences should match with the number of the learning outcomes.       

                                  -  Audience questions and answers

                                  - General synthesis: sum of partial summaries / synthesis

.

                                  - Evaluation: to assess the achievement of the learning outcomes.

Assessment of the Health Communication session :

Form:

• Level of the audience participation.
• Duration of the HC session.
• Compliance with the HC presentation scheme.
• Correct use of the educational aids.   
• Active in front of the audience.

Content:                          

                                + articulation / link between the content and the learning outcomes,

                                + clear content, well documented.            

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                                    Presentation of the Health Communication session :

 Total max. = 45 minutes ( 20 min. for  presentation – 15 minutes for  questions from participants + answers from the presenter   + 5 minutes for general synthesis + 5 min for  Evaluation ).                                                                                    

Hindrance:

          At the transmitter level:

   Attitude of the transmitter (superiority complex , inferiority, non-compliance with local manners ( Habits ), impatience, lack of credibility),

   Difference in age, sex between transmitter and receiver,.

   Difference in socio-economic level highlighted by jewellery, the clothes,

   Ignorance of the target group ,

   Difference in experience,   

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   Different languages or same language for target group, but words too complicated, too scientific,

   Ignorance of the subject,

   Religious values,

   To give a welcome.

At the message level:

   Too difficult, too complicated terms

   The message length

   Too many messages at the same time

   Too much information,

   Message confusing, not understandable,

   Message non adapted to the needs of the receiver.

 At the channel level:

   Wrong channel, ( The used channel = the voice ) Ex No clear voice.

   Unavailability of the channel to the target group.

   Overload of the channel, complexity, etc… 

At the receiver level:

   Too anxious, concerned  by other issues.

   Attitude of the receiver (complex of superiority, inferiority),.

   Not affected by the message because this message is not responding to his

   needs,

    Lack of confidence in the transmitter.

At the feed-back level:

   Inappropriate technique,

   Inappropriate method ,

As the Communication is done in 2 ways:

   Absence of retro-information

   Insufficient retro- information,

   Lack of time for the retro-information.

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                3.Training:

                    It has been developed in Team Building and Training course unit.

     - 

                4. Peer education:

It comes to use the group members for influencing Behaviour Change among other members of the same group.

For example:

                       - in Young people group

                       - in Schools

                       - in Prisons

                       - in Sex workers

                       - in Soldiers.

                5: Home visit :

                              Home visit is an important activity of Public Health.

                             It is aiming at maintaining a good relationship between the Health care providers and the community, on one hand, and strengthening interventions implemented within  Health Facilities, and assessing the implemented interventions discussed during the Health Communication  sessions, on the other hand.

Procedure:

                               1. Clarify the purpose of the visit( For example: Statement of implementation of advice given at the Health Communication session  ;    Assess the nutritional status of children who do not improve their nutritional status, etc...

2. Discuss with members of household on the subject of the visit.

3. Develop a visit report that will be the basis of the next visit.

Hindrance:

Non-compliance with the above components.