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Psychoanalytic theory, developed by Sigmund Freud, explains how unconscious thoughts, feelings, and childhood experiences shape human behavior and personality. It emphasizes the influence of the mind’s unconscious processes, especially those formed during early development.
1. Freud three levels of consciousness
Every level of consciousness influences the formation of human conduct and cognition. Freud suggested that behaviour and personality stem from the continuous and unique interaction of opposing mental forces operating across three distinct levels of awareness: the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. He asserted that each part of the mind plays a vital role in shaping human behaviour.
Figure 2: Flowchart of levels of consciousness
Source: (Singh et al., 2025)
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