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Post-natal development refers to the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes that occur after birth and continue throughout a person’s life. This development is generally divided into several stages, including infancy, early childhood, middle and late childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Each stage is characterized by distinct growth patterns and developmental milestones. In this unit, however, we will focus specifically on postnatal development from infancy through late childhood. This includes infancy, which spans from birth to two years; early childhood, from around two or three years up to six or seven years; and middle to late childhood, from seven to twelve years.
3. Middle and late childhood (6-12 years)
3.4. Language development in middle childhood
- Vocabulary grows dramatically; children understand and use more complex sentences and academic language.
- They refine grammar, punctuation, and spelling, and can write organized paragraphs and short essays.
- Reading fluency increases, and comprehension skills deepen.
- Children use language not just for communication, but also for learning, debating, and expressing opinions.
- Exposure to books, discussions, and school subjects enhances language
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