AFO4222: Research Methodology

This module comprise two units: Research methodology and Biometrics. The research methodology Unit  provides a comprehensive foundation in the principles, strategies, and techniques of scientific research. Students will learn to identify research problems, conduct literature reviews, formulate hypotheses, and design rigorous, ethical studies. The course covers both quantitative and qualitative methods, including data collection instruments, sampling techniques, and data analysis procedures. By the end of the course, students will be capable of developing a sound research proposal and preparing a scholarly research report.

The Biometrics unit focuses on the application of statistical methods to biological and agricultural sciences. It provides in-depth knowledge of experimental design, data analysis, and interpretation of results in biosciences. Students will gain skills in handling experimental data, using statistical software, and applying probability theories to solve practical research problems. The course emphasizes constructing, testing, and verifying research hypotheses through quantitative, statistical approaches.

 Key Topics: Research design (experimental/observational), data collection methods (surveys, interviews, observation), ethical issues, sampling techniques, and report writing. Experimental design, ANOVA, regression analysis, data modeling, probability distributions, and statistical software (e.g., SPSS, R).