Section 3.2 Postnatal development

1.7. Attachment development during infancy period

• Pre-attachment (0–2/3 months): Babies smile at anyone and can be comforted by anyone.
• Focusing on familiar people (3–6 months): Babies start to smile more and react positively to caregivers they know well.
• Clear-cut attachment (6–12 months): Babies form strong bonds with caregivers. They cry or protest when the caregiver leaves. They also start attaching to other family members.
• Reciprocal relationships (from 2 years): Children begin to understand that their actions affect others. For example, they may cry to get what they want or ask for explanations when parents leave.