Section 2.6 Moral development theory

1.1. Level 1: Pre-conventional morality

Focus: Decisions are based primarily on self-interest and avoiding punishment. At the pre-conventional level (most nine years old and younger, some over nine), we don’t have a personal code of morality. Instead, our moral code is shaped by the standards of adults and the consequences of following or breaking their rules. Authority is outside the individual and reasoning is based on the physical consequences of actions

Stage 1: Obedience and punishment orientation. The child/individual is good to avoid being punished. If a person is punished, they must have done wrong.

Stage 2: Individualism and exchange. At this stage, children recognize that there is not just one right view that is handed down by the authorities. Different individuals have different viewpoints.